This chart is adapted from the lists in the standard Greek texts, NA27 and UBS4. It may appear […]

Letter Name of Letter Transliteration α alpha a β bēta b γ gamma g γ gamma nasal n […]

Consonants Letter Name of Letter Transliteration א aleph ’ (a closing single quotation mark) ב beth b ג […]

Unpointed ךלמ mlk Pointed ךְלֶמֶ melek

Hebrew name Square (Assyrian or Aramaic) script Paleo-Hebrew form Sound Traditional transliteration Aleph א א glottal stop ’ […]

Histories Oldest Manuscripts Number Surviving Livy 59b.c.–a.d. 17 4th centurya.d. 27 Tacitus a.d.56–120 9th centurya.d. 3 Suetoniusa.d. 69–140 9th centurya.d. 200+ […]

The Law Chronological (from the creation of the world to Moses’ death): Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy The Prophets […]

Giving Should Be References willing and cheerful “Each one must give as he has decided in his heart, […]

Justification has been saved from the guilt of sin Eph. 2:8 Sanctification is being saved from the power […]

Type of Language Biblical Words Human Need The Result Language of OT sacrifices Blood, lamb, sacrifice We are […]

The Spirit illumines the Bible (the centrality of Christ) Luke 24:27, 44–48 The Spirit empowers gospel preaching (proclamation […]

The Holy Spirit is eternal Heb. 9:14 The Holy Spirit is omnipresent Ps. 139:7–10 The Holy Spirit is […]

The Spirit comforts John 12:26; 14:16, 26; 15:26; 16:7 The Spirit teaches John 14:26; 1 Cor. 2:13 The Spirit […]

Ebionism denies the deity of Christ Arianism denies the fullness of the deity of Christ Docetism denies the […]

Attribute Scripture Implication Independence: God does not need us or the rest of creation for anything, yet we and […]

Incommunicable Attributes Independence (self-existence, self-sufficiency, aseity) Unchangeableness (immutability) Eternity Omnipresence Unity (simplicity) Communicable Attributes Attributes Describing God’s Being […]

  Means of Revelation Examples actions creating, judging, redeeming names “Lord” (Hb. YHWH, or Yahweh) “God Almighty” (Hb. el Shadday) “Master, […]

Area of Study Technical Title Method and foundation Prolegomena The Bible Bibliology God Theology proper Humanity (or man) […]

Exegesis The process of seeking to determine the correct meaning out of a particular passage of Scripture. Biblical […]

Father “What if some were unfaithful? Does their faithlessness nullify the faithfulness of God? By no means! Let […]

1. Through his sacrificial death, Jesus Christ has conquered Satan, the accuser, and has ransomed people from every […]

God is the Alpha and the Omega (1:8; 21:6) God is the beginning and the end (21:6) Jesus […]

Enemy Method of Attack The beast intimidating violence The false prophet deceptive heresy The prostitute beguiling affluence

The Unrestrained, Comprehensive Expression of God’s Wrath Bowl Area Affected Reference Result Bowl 1 earth 16:2 sores on […]

Blessed is the one who reads aloud, hears, and keeps the words of this prophecy 1:3 Blessed are […]

God’s Reality Satanic Imitation the real Trinity (Father, Son [Lamb], Spirit) 1:4–5 the false trinity (dragon, beast, false […]

Restrained judgments from heaven are sent in response to the saints’ prayers. Trumpet Reference Result Trumpet 1 8:7 […]

Progressively Increasing Destruction 6:8 Seals Death and Hades given authority over one fourth of the earth 8:7–12 Trumpets one third of all […]

Ascription To God/One on the Throne To the Lamb Dominion 1:6 Thanksgiving 4:9; 7:12 Honor 4:9, 11; 5:13; […]

The following images depict ways in which God will be God to those who conquer (cf. Rev. 21:7). Promise […]

Church Reference Description of Christ Commendation Rebuke Solution Consequence of Disobedience Promise for Conquerors Ephesus 2:1–7 holds the […]

1. Christians need to defend the doctrines of the faith. 3 2. False teachers may be identified by […]

Jude often refers to prophecies or events and then applies them to the false teachers with the word […]

1. The support of traveling Christian workers is noble and needful. 5–8 2. Church discipline can be necessary […]

1. The truth of Jesus Christ is eternal. 2 2. Christian love and compliance with God’s commandments are […]

1. The one eternal God became incarnate in his Son, Jesus the Christ, who is “the true God […]

The “last days” (the day of salvation, 2 Cor. 6:2) have already come but the “last day” (the day […]

1. God, through his grace in Jesus Christ, has granted to Christians the privilege of partaking of the […]

1:1 our God and Savior Jesus Christ 1:11 our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ 2:20 our Lord and […]

1. Those who suffer as Christians will be exalted. 1:6–9; 2:18–25; 3:13–22; 4:12–19 2. The church of Jesus […]

John 1:13 “born … of God” John 3:3 “born again” John 3:5 “born of water and the Spirit” John […]

1. God is seen as a gracious giver, the unchanging Creator, merciful and compassionate, a Judge, the one […]

Leviticus 19 James v. 12 “You shall not swear” 5:12 “do not swear” v. 13 “The wages of […]

James Teaching Matthew 1:2 joy amid trials 5:10–12 1:4 exhortation to be perfect 5:48 1:5 asking God for […]

Hebrews teaches a contrast between the realities of the old covenant and the new covenant. In the old […]

1. Jesus is fully God and fully man. 1:1–14; 2:5–18 2. Jesus as Son of God reveals God […]

OT person of faith Reference in Hebrews 11 Reference in OT Abel 11:4 Genesis 4 Enoch 11:5 Gen. 5:18–24 […]

Psalm 110 Hebrews “The Lord says to my Lord: ‘Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your […]

Levitical High Priests Reference Jesus the High Priest many in number 7:23–24 one temporary 7:23–24 permanent and eternal […]

2:1–4 how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? (v. 3). 3:7–18 do not harden […]

1. At the heart of this letter is the theme of reconciliation. Onesimus is reconciled to God, and […]

1. The gospel by its nature produces godliness in the lives of believers. There is no legitimate separation […]

God and Christ as “Our Savior” in Titus “the preaching with which I have been entrusted by the […]

1. Suffering is a standard part of Christian experience. 1:8, 12; 2:3, 9; 3:11–12; 4:5, 14–18 2. The […]

1. The gospel produces holiness in the lives of believers, and there is no legitimate separation between belief […]

1 Timothy 3:8 dignified 1 Timothy 3:8 not double-tongued 1 Timothy 3:8 not addicted to much wine 1 […]

1 Timothy Titus 3:2 above reproach 1:6, 7 above reproach 3:2 husband of one wife 1:6 husband of […]

2:2 “a quiet and peaceful life, godly and dignified in every way” 2:9–10 dress in a way that […]

1:3 teaching a different doctrine 1:6 swerving from a pure heart, good conscience, and sincere faith 1:6 wandering […]

1. God’s righteous judgment will be fully manifest when Jesus returns. At that time unbelievers will be condemned […]

In 2 Thess. 2:2 Paul warns against letters that claim to come from him but do not. Thus in 11 […]

1. The wrath of God comes on those who reject the gospel. 2:16; 5:3 2. Jesus’ death and […]

1:3 “hope in our Lord Jesus Christ” 1:10 “to wait for his Son from heaven” 2:19 “before our […]

1. Jesus Christ is preeminent over all creation, Lord over all human rulers and cosmic powers. 1:15–20; 2:9–10; […]

1:14 in whom we have redemption 1:16 in him all things were created 1:19 in him all the fullness of God […]

1. Christians need to keep making progress in their lives. 1:12, 25; 3:12–16 2. A proper spiritual outlook […]

1:5 “partnership in the gospel” 1:7 “partakers with me of grace” 1:14–19 “through your prayers” 1:27 “striving side […]

Reference Paul … 1:4 prays with joy 1:18 rejoices that Christ is proclaimed 1:25 will remain living on earth, […]

1. All people are by nature spiritually dead, transgressors of God’s law, and under the rule of Satan. […]

Principles of Marriage Scripture Reference Marriage is part of the “mystery” of God’s will Eph. 1:9; 3:3; 5:32 […]

The relationship between Christ and the church is described by Paul as a profound mystery (5:32)—a hidden plan […]

Reference Father Son Spirit 1:3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ every spiritual […]

1. In his sin-bearing death, Christ is a substitute for all Christians, whom he brings into a new […]

slave woman free woman Ishmael Isaac according to flesh through promise Hagar Sarah slavery freedom present Jerusalem Jerusalem […]

Identity Beliefs Examples Gentile (professing) Christians The law has absolutely no claim on their lives. (Presupposed in Rom. 6:1, […]

Galatians Event Acts Event 1:15–17 Paul’s conversion 9:1–25 Paul’s conversion 1:18 three years after conversion, first visit to […]

1. The cross of Christ, embodied in the suffering of his apostle, unmasks the erroneous teaching of “false […]

2:16 Who is sufficient for these things? 3:5 Not that we are sufficient in ourselves … 3:5 but our […]

Verse Weakness Power (or Strength) 1 Cor. 1:25 the weakness of God is stronger than men 1 Cor. […]

The Believer’s Apparent (Temporal) Defeat The Believer’s Actual (Spiritual) Victory For we were so utterly burdened beyond our […]

1. Since the church is the dwelling place of God’s Spirit, the people who make up the church […]

Verse Earthly Bodies Resurrection Bodies v. 42 perishable imperishable v. 43a exist in dishonor raised in glory v. […]

Verse Introduction to topic 7:1 Now concerning the matters about which you wrote (marriage and sexuality) 7:25 Now […]

vv. 10–11 Don’t separate, but if you do, seek reconciliation. vv. 12–13 If the unbelieving spouse consents to […]

Phil. 3:17 Brothers, join in imitating me, and keep your eyes on those who walk according to the example you […]

1 Cor. 4:15–17 I became your father in Christ Jesus … be imitators of me. That is why I sent […]

1. All people are sinners, therefore all, without exception, need to be saved from their sin. 1:18–3:20; 5:12–19 […]

Romans 12:6–8 1 Corinthians 12:7–10 1 Corinthians 12:28 Ephesians 4:11 Having gifts that differ according to the grace […]

This chart focuses on statements that have Father, Son, or Spirit as the subject. For additional references to […]

Romans 3 OT Reference Sinful Condition v. 10, none is righteous Ps. 14:3/53:3;Eccles. 7:20 v. 11a, no one […]

Salutation Key Themes Doxology 1:1 Gospel 16:25 1:3 Son 16:25 1:2 Scriptures 16:26 1:1, 5 Paul/my gospel 16:25 […]

Book Author Date Recipients Place of Writing James James 40–45 Jewish Christians in or near Palestine Jerusalem? Galatians […]

The major themes of Acts can be placed under the general category of “witness,” as set forth in […]

City/Island Province/Region Reference Antioch Syria 18:22 Galatia 18:23 Asia (region of Phrygia) 18:23 Ephesus Asia 19:1–40 Macedonia 20:1–2 Corinth? […]

City Province/Region Reference Antioch Syria 15:35 Cilicia 15:41 Derbe Galatia (region of Lycaonia) 16:1 Lystra Galatia (region of Lycaonia) 16:1–5 […]

City Province/Region Reference Antioch Syria 13:1–3 Seleucia Syria 13:4 Salamis Cyprus 13:5 Paphos Cyprus 13:6–12 Perga Lycia (region of […]

a.d. 5–10? Born in Tarsus as an Israelite from the tribe of Benjamin and a Roman citizen (Acts 22:3, […]